FEAR is an ancestral histone chaperone complex that can control virus infections in an interferon-independent manner.

The FEAR pathway acts via FACT and ETS-1 and elicits antiviral responses against various DNA and RNA viruses independent of interferons, which are countered by poxvirus A51R proteins.

Longitudinal profiling of the nasal and faecal microbiomes of 66 dairy farmers and 166 dairy cows over a year-long period shows that microbes acquired from cow microbiomes introduce clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes to farmer guts.

This Review discusses how organ-on-chip models can applied for infectious disease research.

Diet switching from high-fat to standard diet before influenza vaccination affects the metabolic state of T cells, restores their responses and improves vaccine efficacy in mice.

Artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum can use tRNA modification reprogramming and codon bias translation as an epitranscriptomic response to survive artemisinin-induced stress.

CryoEM of the Salmonella MS- and C-rings in a counterclockwise pose and the C-ring in clockwise poses reveal structural insight into the mechanisms of directional switches and torque transmission for the bacterial flagellar supercomplex.

DNA recognition by Argonaute proteins activates effector nucleases that trigger indiscriminate DNA and RNA cleavage and induce abortive infection.

Age-specific differences upon SARS-CoV-2 infection are marked by emergence of goblet 2 inflammatory cells expressing antiviral interferon stimulating genes in paediatric nasal cultures, and basaloid-like cells with increased viral spread in cultures from older adults.

The presence of multiple functional m⁶A modification sites on diverse HIV-1 RNA transcripts suggests a strategy to provide additional stability and resilience to HIV-1 replication.

Carolina Rosadas explains why we need more research investigating human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infections, and why more public visibility is needed for those affected.

As the saying goes, sharing is caring — but when it comes to the data underlying primary research papers published at Nature Microbiology, sharing is also mandatory.

In observance of World Water Day, Nature Microbiology calls attention to research avenues that run through freshwater microbiology.

Melita Gordon reflects on her experience of tackling invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella disease in Africa.

A participatory research initiative generates actionable data on avian diseases in New York City, showcases how a community-based approach can tackle misinformation, and actively engages students from historically underrepresented communities in science, technology, engineering and maths.